ABSTRACT
The production and regulation of interleukin (IL) IL-13, IL-4 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was evaluated in 43 schistosomiasis patients with different clinical forms. Whole-blood cultures cytokine production in response to soluble egg antigen (SEA), soluble worm adult preparation (SWAP), mitogens, neutralizing antibodies or recombinant IL-13 were measured by ELISA. After SWAP stimulation, chronic patients, particularly hepatointestinals, produced higher levels of IL-4 in comparison with acute patients, suggesting the presence of a type 2 cytokine profile in these patients. Following SEA and SWAP stimulation, hepatosplenic (HS) patients showed increased levels of IFN-gamma when compared with acute patients, indicating that HS disease in humans is associated with a type 1 cytokine response. The mechanisms of immune regulation are apparently different between the clinical stages of the disease, some of which are antigen-specific.
Subject(s)
Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis , Interleukin-3/biosynthesis , Interleukin-4/biosynthesis , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Child , Chronic Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Schistosomiasis mansoni/metabolism , Young AdultABSTRACT
The production and regulation of interleukin (IL) IL-13, IL-4 and interferon-gamma (IFN-³) was evaluated in 43 schistosomiasis patients with different clinical forms. Whole-blood cultures cytokine production in response to soluble egg antigen (SEA), soluble worm adult preparation (SWAP), mitogens, neutralizing antibodies or recombinant IL-13 were measured by ELISA. After SWAP stimulation, chronic patients, particularly hepatointestinals, produced higher levels of IL-4 in comparison with acute patients, suggesting the presence of a type 2 cytokine profile in these patients. Following SEA and SWAP stimulation, hepatosplenic (HS) patients showed increased levels of IFN-³ when compared with acute patients, indicating that HS disease in humans is associated with a type 1 cytokine response. The mechanisms of immune regulation are apparently different between the clinical stages of the disease, some of which are antigen-specific.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis , /biosynthesis , /biosynthesis , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Acute Disease , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Schistosomiasis mansoni/metabolism , Young AdultABSTRACT
Patients with acute schistosomiasis were studied before and after oxamniquine treatment. They had been exposed to cercariae 5 to 9 weeks before, and presented compatible clinical manifestations, eosinophilia, and high levels of total IgE. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 were measured by ELISA in whole blood samples under soluble egg antigen or soluble adult worm preparation stimulation. After treatment, the reduction of leukocytosis and eosinophilia were not significant, but total IgE levels decreased significantly, in contrast to IFN-gamma levels that were significantly increased. The oxamniquine treatment of acute schistosomiasis patients is followed by an improvement of a Th1 response in vitro. If this response has a protective aspect is unknown, and some investigations need to be realized.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis , Oxamniquine/therapeutic use , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/drug therapy , Schistosomicides/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Child , Disease Outbreaks , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feces/parasitology , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Interferon-gamma/immunology , Male , Parasite Egg Count , Schistosomiasis mansoni/blood , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunologyABSTRACT
Patients with acute schistosomiasis were studied before and after oxamniquine treatment. They had been exposed to cercariae 5 to 9 weeks before, and presented compatible clinical manifestations, eosinophilia, and high levels of total IgE. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 were measured by ELISA in whole blood samples under soluble egg antigen or soluble adult worm preparation stimulation. After treatment, the reduction of leukocytosis and eosinophilia were not significant, but total IgE levels decreased significantly, in contrast to IFN-gamma levels that were significantly increased. The oxamniquine treatment of acute schistosomiasis patients is followed by an improvement of a Th1 response in vitro. If this response has a protective aspect is unknown, and some investigations need to be realized.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis , Oxamniquine/therapeutic use , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/drug therapy , Schistosomicides/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Disease Outbreaks , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feces/parasitology , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Interferon-gamma/immunology , Parasite Egg Count , Schistosomiasis mansoni/blood , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunologyABSTRACT
Specific IgG and IgM responses to soluble egg antigen (SEA) and keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) were measured by ELISA in patients with acute and chronic schistosomiasis. The tests based upon IgM and IgG antibodies responses to KLH presented the best diagnostic discrimination, and can be used in conjunction with clinical and epidemiological data to the differential diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Helminth/blood , Helminth Proteins/blood , Hemocyanins/immunology , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnosis , Acute Disease , Animals , Antibodies, Helminth/immunology , Biomarkers/blood , Chronic Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hemocyanins/analysis , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Schistosomiasis mansoni/blood , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Specific IgG and IgM responses to soluble egg antigen (SEA) and keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) were measured by ELISA in patients with acute and chronic schistosomiasis. The tests based upon IgM and IgG antibodies responses to KLH presented the best diagnostic discrimination, and can be used in conjunction with clinical and epidemiological data to the differential diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Antigens, Helminth , Schistosoma mansoni , Schistosomiasis mansoni , Acute Disease , Antibodies, Helminth , Biomarkers , Chronic Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin M , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
The production and regulation of interleukin (IL) IL-13, IL-4 and interferon-gamma was evaluated in different clinical forms of human schistosomiasis. The mechanisms of immune regulation are apparently different in the various clinical stages of the disease, some of them being antigen specific.
Subject(s)
Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis , Interleukin-13/biosynthesis , Interleukin-4/biosynthesis , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Acute Disease , Animals , Antigens, Helminth , Chronic Disease , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II , HumansABSTRACT
The production and regulation of interleukin (IL) IL-13, IL-4 and interferon-gamma was evaluated in different clinical forms of human schistosomiasis. The mechanisms of immune regulation are apparently different in the various clinical stages of the disease, some of them being antigen specific
